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References

Sources

References cited in the written chapters of Our Dark Materials, listed by chapter in the order they appear in the text. Click any number in the essay to jump to its source here.

Our Warming WorldBlack Carbon, Climate Change & the Himalayas

  1. Biemans, H., Siderius, C., Lutz, A. F., Nepal, S., Ahmad, B., Hassan, T., von Bloh, W., Wijngaard, R. R., Wester, P., Shrestha, A. B., & Immerzeel, W. W. (2019). Importance of snow and glacier meltwater for agriculture on the Indo-Gangetic Plain. Nature Sustainability, 2(7), 594–601.
  2. Gertler, C. G., Puppala, S. P., Panday, A., Stumm, D., & Shea, J. (2016). Black carbon and the Himalayan cryosphere: A review. Atmospheric Environment, 125, 404–417.
  3. Ramanathan, V., & Carmichael, G. (2008). Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon. Nature Geoscience, 1(4), 221–227.
  4. Hansen, J., & Nazarenko, L. (2003). Soot climate forcing via snow and ice albedos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(2), 423–428.
  5. Ming, J., Wang, Y., Du, Z., Zhang, T., Guo, W., Xiao, C., Xu, X., Ding, M., Zhang, D., & Yang, W. (2015). Widespread Albedo Decreasing and Induced Melting of Himalayan Snow and Ice in the Early 21st Century. PLOS ONE, 10(6), e0126235.
  6. Xu, Y., Ramanathan, V., & Washington, W. M. (2016). Observed high-altitude warming and snow cover retreat over Tibet and the Himalayas enhanced by black carbon aerosols. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 16(3), 1303–1315.
  7. Bajracharya, S. R., Mool, P. K., Shrestha, B. R., & Ranade, P. S. (2008). Global Climate Change and Melting of Himalayan Glaciers. In Melting Glaciers and Rising sea levels: Impacts and implications. (pp. 28–46). Amsterdam University Press.
  8. Wester, P., Mishra, A., Mukherji, A., & Shrestha, A. B. (Eds.). (2019). The Hindu Kush Himalaya assessment: Mountains, climate change, sustainability and people. Springer International Publishing.
  9. Schmidt, S., & Nüsser, M. (2012). Changes of High Altitude Glaciers from 1969 to 2010 in the Trans-Himalayan Kang Yatze Massif, Ladakh, Northwest India. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 44(1), 107–121.
  10. National Research Council. (2012). Himalayan Glaciers: Climate Change, Water Resources, and Water Security. The National Academies Press.
  11. Matthew, R. (2013). Climate Change and Water Security in the Himalayan Region. Asia Policy, 16(1), 39–44.

The Air We BreatheBlack Carbon, Air Pollution & Our Health

  1. Nandi, J. (2020). 500: What a maxed out AQI means. Hindustan Times. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/500-what-a-maxed-out-aqi-means/story-Zg0gUMnSKCZKEAu0iry62J.html
  2. Webb, J. (2020). How Many Cigarettes Did We Smoke on the West Coast This Week? Medium. https://medium.com/@jasminedevv/i-made-an-aqi-to-cigarettes-calculator-f407177c85c2
  3. World Health Organization. (2018). Ambient (outdoor) air pollution. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ambient-(outdoor)-air-quality-and-health
  4. Ghose, M., & Majee, S. (2000). Sources of air pollution due to coal mining and their impacts in Jharia coalfield. Environment International, 26(1–2), 81–85.
  5. Pandey, J., Kumar, D., Singh, V. K., & Mohalik, N. K. (2016). Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts of Fire in Jharia Coalfield, Jharkhand, India:An Appraisal. Current Science, 110(9), 1639–1650.
  6. Smith, K. R., & Mehta, S. (2003). The burden of disease from indoor air pollution in developing countries: comparison of estimates. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 206(4–5), 279–289.
  7. Rohra, H., & Taneja, A. (2016). Indoor air quality scenario in India—An outline of household fuel combustion. Atmospheric Environment, 129, 243–255.
  8. Smith, K. R. (2000). National burden of disease in India from indoor air pollution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(24), 13286–13293.
  9. Massey, D., Masih, J., Kulshrestha, A., Habil, M., & Taneja, A. (2009). Indoor/outdoor relationship of fine particles less than 2.5μm (PM2.5) in residential homes locations in central Indian region. Building and Environment, 44(10), 2037–2045.
  10. Balakrishnan, K., Dey, S., Gupta, T., Dhaliwal, R. S., Brauer, M., Cohen, A. J., Stanaway, J. D., Beig, G., Joshi, T. K., Aggarwal, A. N., Sabde, Y., Sadhu, H., Frostad, J., Causey, K., Godwin, W., Shukla, D. K., Kumar, G. A., Varghese, C. M., Muraleedharan, P., . . . Dandona, L. (2019). The impact of air pollution on deaths, disease burden, and life expectancy across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet Planetary Health, 3(1), e26–e39.
  11. Bennett, J. E., Tamura-Wicks, H., Parks, R. M., Burnett, R. T., Pope, C. A., Bechle, M. J., Marshall, J. D., Danaei, G., & Ezzati, M. (2019). Particulate matter air pollution and national and county life expectancy loss in the USA: A spatiotemporal analysis. PLOS Medicine, 16(7), e1002856.
  12. Suglia, S. F., Gryparis, A., Wright, R. O., Schwartz, J., & Wright, R. J. (2007). Association of Black Carbon with Cognition among Children in a Prospective Birth Cohort Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 167(3), 280–286.
  13. Calderón-Garcidueñas, L., Mora-Tiscareño, A., Ontiveros, E., Gómez-Garza, G., Barragán-Mejía, G., Broadway, J., Chapman, S., Valencia-Salazar, G., Jewells, V., Maronpot, R. R., Henríquez-Roldán, C., Pérez-Guillé, B., Torres-Jardón, R., Herrit, L., Brooks, D., Osnaya-Brizuela, N., Monroy, M. E., González-Maciel, A., Reynoso-Robles, R., . . . Engle, R. W. (2008). Air pollution, cognitive deficits and brain abnormalities: A pilot study with children and dogs. Brain and Cognition, 68(2), 117–127.

The Path AheadBlack Carbon and Asia

  1. Menon, S., Hansen, J., Nazarenko, L., & Luo, Y. (2002). Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India. Science, 297(5590), 2250–2253.
  2. Smokeless Cookstove Foundation. (2019). Tackling Household Air Pollution Through ‘Zero Cost & Highly Efficient’ Mud Stoves Based On ’Rocket Stove Technology. https://smokelesscookstovefoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Impact-Report-Khandwa-Madhya-Pradesh-2018.pdf
  3. Alexander, S., & Padmanabhan, V. (2020). The PMUY’s cooking gas refill issue. Live Mint. https://www.livemint.com/industry/energy/why-unhealthy-cooking-persists-even-after-pmuy-11578468670023.html
  4. Nautiyal, S., & Kaechele, H. (2008). Fuel switching from wood to LPG can benefit the environment. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 28(8), 523–532.
  5. Sanghera, T. (2019). Cooking Gas Changes Lives But Comes At Too High A Price. Fact Checker. https://www.factchecker.in/cooking-gas-changes-lives-but-comes-at-too-high-a-price/
  6. Yadavar, S. (2019). Why Goti Bai’s LPG Cylinder Lies In A Cowshed, Unused. IndiaSpend. https://www.indiaspend.com/why-goti-bais-lpg-cylinder-lies-in-a-cowshed-unused/
  7. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) & World Meteorological Organization (WMO). (2011). Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone. https://www.ccacoalition.org/en/resources/integrated-assessment-black-carbon-and-tropospheric-ozone
  8. Reynolds, C. C. O., & Kandlikar, M. (2008). Climate Impacts of Air Quality Policy: Switching to a Natural Gas-Fueled Public Transportation System in New Delhi. Environmental Science & Technology, 42(16), 5860–5865.
  9. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). (2019). Alternatives to burning can increase Indian farmers’ profits and cut pollution. EurekAlert! | AAAS. https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-08/imaw-atb080719.php
  10. Goyal, D. (2019). Explained: Using Happy Seeder and how it affects wheat yield. The Indian Express. https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-using-happy-seeder-and-how-it-affects-wheat-yield-6017640/
  11. Sanderson, K. (2007). 50-Year-old fire put out. Nature. https://www.nature.com/articles/news.2007.281?error=cookies_not_supported&code=a3b18cc0-4a04-4a71-8d6f-75bd00ac8d2b#citeas
  12. Ramanathan, V., & Carmichael, G. (2008). Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon. Nature Geoscience, 1(4), 221–227.
  13. Rohra, H., & Taneja, A. (2016). Indoor air quality scenario in India—An outline of household fuel combustion. Atmospheric Environment, 129, 243–255.
  14. Balakrishnan, K., Dey, S., Gupta, T., Dhaliwal, R. S., Brauer, M., Cohen, A. J., Stanaway, J. D., Beig, G., Joshi, T. K., Aggarwal, A. N., Sabde, Y., Sadhu, H., Frostad, J., Causey, K., Godwin, W., Shukla, D. K., Kumar, G. A., Varghese, C. M., Muraleedharan, P., . . . Dandona, L. (2019). The impact of air pollution on deaths, disease burden, and life expectancy across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet Planetary Health, 3(1), e26–e39.
  15. World Bank Group. (2018). Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2018: Piecing Together the Poverty Puzzle. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/30418/9781464813306.pdf
  16. Rosling, H., Rönnlund, A. R., & Rosling, O. (2018). Factfulness: Ten Reasons We’re Wrong About the World--and Why Things Are Better Than You Think. Flatiron Books.

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